Diamond
Diamond is the purest form of naturally occurring carbon. It is found as colourless, lustreless solid which can be transformed into brilliant gem. It consist of array of bonded atoms, no discrete molecule can be distinguished.
Diamond crystals are octahedral in shape. It is a giant molecule in which the carbon atoms are closely packed and held by a strong convalent bond.
Properties of Diamond
- It is the hardest known substance.
- It has high melting point.
- It is very dense.
- It can resist extreme temperatures.
- It is resistant to chemical attack.
- It is a non conductor of electricity and heat because it has no free/ valent electron.
Uses of Diamond
- Diamond is used as an abrasive to sharpen strong tools because of it's density and hardness.
- It is used in Manufacturing glass cutter and rock breaker.
- Diamond is used as a pivot support in precision instruments.
- It is used in making jewelry because of it's refractive index.